The cathedral of Lugo. dedicated to Saint Mary. is a relevant centre within primitive pilgrimage. among other reasons for containing images and iconographies highly venerated by the Christian community.
The permanent exhibition—which Xaime Delgado places between 1336 and 1534—of the Blessed Sacrament is one of them. as well as the Virgin of the Big Eyes. the first patron of Lugo and framed in a sumptuous altarpiece. Saint Froilan and Santiago himself. In any case. some historians. including Xaime Delgado. assume that the long-standing interest of pilgrims in the cathedral is due not only to the fact that it is a religious centre. but also to the probability of being housed in its triforium.
The cathedral was rebuilt on the site of an old Paleo-Christian basilica destroyed by the Muslims at the beginning of the eighth century. It is believed that this primitive temple would be of considerable size and would have six altars on each side. There is a theory that it may have been founded by the apostle Santiago in his possible passage in preaching in Lugo. although this proposal falls within the scope of the legend. At the present time it is under the advocation of Saint Mary.
It is of Romanesque style. coated with baroque and neoclassical. The master Raimundo de Monforte began to build it in 1129 following the model of the cathedral of Santiago: Latin cross floor plan and three longitudinal naves and three apses at the chancel. At the beginning of the 14th century. the original chancel was demolished to give way to a main chapel and an ambulatory in which there were five new absidal chapels in Gothic style with a hexagonal floor plan. From the Renaissance it preserves the main altarpiece. moved to the ends of the transept naves and of which Corniellies de Holanda is the author. At the beginning of the 16th century. a portico was built for the northern Romanesque façade. where there is also a Romanesque representation of a Christ in Majesty - probably from the 12th century - and a hanging capital representing the Last Supper. Both elements together are considered one of the masterpieces of Galician Romanesque sculpture.
The central apse chapel was remodelled according to Baroque patterns -1726 and 1734- by Fernando de Casas Novoa. author of the Obradoiro façade of the Cathedral of Compostela. and Miguel de Romay. Inside it houses a Romanesque image in alabaster of Our Lady of the Big Eyes. The sculptural collection of the choir stalls. made in 1625 by Francisco de Moure. is also preserved from the Baroque period. In it there is a bas-relief of the pilgrim Santiago of whole body accompanied by Saint Peter. It is a profile image with the pilgrim's habit composed of a cape with folds. a short cloak with a scallop shell. the right arm extended to exhibit in the foreground a staff with a pumpkin and an open codex resting on the left hand. incorporating the sword of the Moor-slayer as a novelty in this type of pilgrim iconography. Other important Baroque architects worked on the cathedral. as is the case of Domingo de Andrade. who designed the sacristy in 1680. Finally. the primitive main western façade in Romanesque style was replaced by a neoclassical façade dedicated to the Good Jesus in 1778. the work of Sánchez Bort.
As for the chapel of Santiago. it is one of the most venerable of the five apses of the 15th century. which fosters the belief about the passage through the province of the Holy Apostle. It is currently known as the chapel of Saint Teresa. It has a six-sided polygon structure covered with a ribbed vault and is endowed with a simple neo-Gothic altarpiece with images of Santiago. Saint Teresa of Ávila and Saint John the Evangelist. The fence that protects the entrance was installed by Juan de Novoa y Lemos. This is the richest railing in the entire temple. with golden and polychrome iron plates and large scrolls that end in the heads of fantastic animals.